VIP Bus Rental Vancouver

VIP Bus Rental Vancouver

Group tour bus

Diving into the heart of luxury, the executive fleet at Star Coach boasts an array of features designed to meet the highest standards of comfort and sophistication. Learn more about Star Coach here. It's not just about getting from point A to B; it's about elevating the entire experience. Whether it's a corporate event, a wedding, or a scenic tour around Vancouver, their fleet stands ready to elevate your group travel to a level of luxury that's hard to find elsewhere. You'll appreciate that their buses are equipped with the latest in fuel-efficient technology. Learn more about VIP Bus Rental Vancouver here So, when you book with Star Coach, you're not just getting a bus; you're securing peace of mind knowing you've made a cost-effective choice without compromising on quality.
Noise-canceling technology wraps you in a bubble of tranquility, making the bustling city outside seem worlds away. Long-distance bus Furthermore, we adhere to all local and national safety regulations, regularly updating our protocols to meet the highest standards. No problem. Whether you're planning a corporate event, a wedding, or a scenic tour, we've got a pricing plan that'll suit your needs.
Choosing Star Coach means you're opting for a travel experience that's unmatched in elegance and reliability.

Downtown Vancouver

  • Festival shuttle
  • Coach hire
  • Group transportation
  • Charter vehicle
  • Event transportation
  • Comfortable bus rental
  • Party bus
  • Bus services
  • Casino shuttle
  • Senior group travel
  • Convention transport
  • Sport team transportation
  • Passenger bus rental
  • Bus packages
  • Bus line
  • Bus rental for tours
  • Field trip bus
It's clear that Star Coach isn't just meeting expectations; they're exceeding them. Each tour is meticulously curated to showcase the best of Vancouver, from the lush beauty of Stanley Park to the historic cobblestone streets of Gastown. Think professional, courteous drivers, onboard Wi-Fi to keep you connected, and even concierge services to cater to your every whim.
Let's create your memorable journey together. It's not just about getting from point A to point B; it's about enjoying the journey without breaking the bank. Read more about VIP Bus Rental Vancouver here Star Coach understands the essence of group dynamics and tailors services to meet your needs, whether it's for corporate events, school field trips, or leisurely tours. After exploring what makes Star Coach Bus Rentals a trusted choice for travelers, it's time to see how they can elevate your Vancouver adventure.

It's not just about getting from point A to B; it's about making a statement, ensuring your event starts and ends on a high note. You'll also notice a theme of gratitude for the personalized attention to detail. Last-minute changes? Having explored how to book your luxury bus rental, let's hear what previous clients have to say about their experiences with Star Coach.

Picture this: you're gliding through the streets of Vancouver, ensconced in comfort that rivals a first-class flight. After exploring the luxurious lift wedding transportation can offer, let's now consider how luxury bus rentals in Vancouver redefine group travel, taking it far beyond the basics. They can do that. Safe bus rental

Star Coach maintains the highest standards of hygiene, with thorough cleaning and sanitization protocols in place before and after every trip. What sets Star Coach apart is their attention to detail. No problem.

Group tour bus

  • Vancouver area
  • Safe bus rental
  • Long-distance bus
  • Bus excursion
  • Bus transportation
  • Bus leasing
  • Bus fleet
  • Hourly bus rental
  • Bus travel
  • Private bus rental
  • Affordable bus rental
  • Bus charter
  • Charter shuttle service
  • School bus rental
  • British Columbia
  • Corporate bus rental
  • Executive bus charter
  • Sightseeing bus


One testimonial, in particular, stands out from a company that organized a large-scale conference. You'll find an intuitive booking platform where you can specify your travel dates, destination, and the number of passengers. With its sleek exterior and spacious interior, you're in for a ride that combines the best of modern luxury with the reliability and safety you demand. Community bus service

High-End Bus Rental Vancouver

Indigenous settlement of Vancouver began more than 10,000 years ago and included the Squamish, Musqueam, and Tsleil-Waututh (Burrard) peoples. The beginnings of the modern city, which was originally named Gastown, grew around the site of a makeshift tavern on the western edges of Hastings Mill that was built on July 1, 1867, and owned by proprietor Gassy Jack. The Gastown steam clock marks the original site. Gastown then formally registered as a townsite dubbed Granville, Burrard Inlet. The city was renamed "Vancouver" in 1886 through a deal with the Canadian Pacific Railway. The Canadian Pacific transcontinental railway was extended to the city by 1887. The city's large natural seaport on the Pacific Ocean became a vital link in the trade between Asia-Pacific, East Asia, Europe, and Eastern Canada.

Citations and other links

VIP Bus Service Vancouver

These aren't your typical gas-guzzlers; they're modern vehicles powered by alternative fuels and advanced systems that significantly reduce emissions. Their dedicated customer service representatives are always on standby to help you plan your travel with ease and efficiency. They're actively working to make every aspect of their operation greener, from digital ticketing to minimize paper waste to implementing energy-efficient lighting in their offices. They're with you every step of the way, from pre-trip planning to post-trip follow-up, ensuring your experience is smooth and hassle-free.

Then there's the Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), which automatically adjusts your speed to maintain a safe distance from the vehicle in front, making highway travel both safer and more relaxing for you. We also invest in advanced safety features and technology to further enhance your security. That's it!

Star Coach has got you covered.

Shuttle service

  1. Vancouver BC
  2. Bus for hire
  3. Motor coach rental
  4. Vancouver region
  5. Wedding bus rental
  6. Travel coach
  7. Transport charter
  8. Safe bus rental
  9. Long-distance bus
  10. Bus excursion
  11. Bus transportation
  12. Bus leasing
  13. Bus fleet
  14. Hourly bus rental
  15. Bus travel
You're likely seeking a balance between affordability and high-quality service for your group's travel needs. You'll find yourself at the iconic Stanley Park, breathing in the fresh Pacific air while gazing out at the majestic Totem Poles, a testament to the rich indigenous cultures of the region. Downtown Vancouver

They've taken significant steps to minimize emissions and waste, making a noticeable impact on the environment. While Star Coach ensures your wallet is well cared for with competitive pricing, they also prioritize the planet by offering eco-friendly transportation options. You won't need designated drivers, and the party starts the moment you board.

VIP Bus Service Vancouver
Vancouver VIP Coach Service

Vancouver VIP Coach Service

It's a game-changer. Moreover, Star Coach often runs promotions and discounts, especially for early bookings or off-peak periods, allowing you to enjoy even more value. They offer insights and recommendations, enhancing your itinerary with hidden gems and must-see spots that only locals know about. You'll find their commitment to comfort, style, and safety isn't just lip service; it's woven into the very fabric of their service.

Imagine stepping onto a bus where the ambiance, services, and amenities are all customized to reflect your personal style or event theme. Furthermore, Star Coach's commitment to flexibility means you can adjust your plans as needed. Star Coach prides itself on transparency, so you won't have to worry about hidden fees.

You'll be in safe hands with our professional drivers who've undergone extensive background checks and possess years of experience navigating Vancouver's streets. Group tour bus We encourage you to join us in our efforts by minimizing waste and opting for digital ticketing and communication options whenever possible. Bus provider There's no doubt you'll feel a sense of pride when you step aboard, knowing you're experiencing one of the finest modes of travel available.

Transport services

  • City tour bus
  • Licensed bus operators
  • Vancouver BC
  • Bus for hire
  • Motor coach rental
  • Vancouver region
  • Wedding bus rental
  • Travel coach
  • Transport charter
  • Bus transportation
  • Bus leasing
  • Bus fleet
  • Hourly bus rental
  • Bus travel
  • Private bus rental
  • Affordable bus rental


You'll get a detailed quote with no hidden fees, so you know exactly what you're paying for. Bus hire When you choose to travel with these luxury buses, you're opting for a mode of transportation that maximizes passenger capacity without sacrificing the environment. Need a tour guide to provide insights during your journey?

Premium Charter Bus Vancouver

They've designed their pricing structure with you in mind, ensuring that you get top-notch service without breaking the bank. Stick around, and you'll discover how their legacy, combined with an unwavering commitment to excellence, has not only captured but retained the attention and loyalty of a discerning customer base. While signature amenities enhance your journey, the comfort and space provided by our luxury buses ensure a truly relaxing travel experience. They nailed it.' His testimony highlights how Star Coach meets the high expectations of business clients while aligning with their values.

You still enjoy modern, comfortable buses equipped with all the necessary amenities to make your journey pleasant. Minibus rental Whether you're planning a corporate event, a wedding, or a scenic tour around Vancouver, they've got a bus that'll not only meet your needs but also reflect the sophistication and elegance of your event. We've also integrated the latest technology for your entertainment and connectivity.

They've got the experts. Vancouver city Choosing Star Coach means you're opting for a stress-free, reliable, and premium travel experience. Private group transport And as you're about to find out, their reputation for excellence isn't just talk.

Their commitment to customer satisfaction doesn't go unnoticed. Booking your luxury bus experience with Star Coach isn't just about securing transportation; it's about starting the journey of a lifetime with confidence and excitement. Each bus is a haven of luxury, designed to make your journey as enjoyable as the destination itself.

Premium Charter Bus Vancouver
Upscale Comfort Coach Rental Vancouver
Upscale Comfort Coach Rental Vancouver

In recent years, an impressive 60% of luxury bus rentals in Vancouver have been attributed to Star Coach, a company that's quickly become synonymous with the epitome of travel opulence. Their easy booking process, competitive pricing, and experienced staff set them apart, promising not just a ride, but an experience tailored to your specific requirements. At Star Coach, we're committed to providing you with a tailored luxury experience that exceeds your expectations. You'll find that the fleet is meticulously curated to suit various group sizes and preferences.

We're committed to providing a seamless booking experience, mirroring the exceptional quality of travel you can expect with us.

Minibus rental

  1. Long-distance bus
  2. Bus excursion
  3. Bus transportation
  4. Bus leasing
  5. Bus fleet
  6. Hourly bus rental
  7. Bus travel
  8. Private bus rental
  9. Affordable bus rental
  10. Bus charter
  11. Charter shuttle service
  12. School bus rental
  13. British Columbia
  14. Corporate bus rental
  15. Executive bus charter
  16. Sightseeing bus
  17. Festival shuttle
  18. Coach hire
  19. Group transportation
How about entertainment systems for a long ride with kids? Star Coach offers tailored corporate travel packages designed to meet the specific needs of your business, ensuring a seamless journey for you and your team.

They know that budget plays a crucial role in planning any event or corporate travel. Shuttle service The onboard amenities, including clean and spacious restrooms, add an extra layer of convenience, ensuring your travel experience isn't just comfortable but thoroughly enjoyable. Mark, who organized a corporate retreat with Star Coach, mentioned, 'It's rare you find a service that impresses your bosses and supports eco-friendly practices.

They ensure your safety and comfort throughout the journey, adding a personal touch that makes the trip memorable. Star Coach Bus Rentals consistently impresses with its wide range of vehicle options, ensuring you'll find the perfect fit for your group's needs. Star Coach's move to include Luxury Prevost H3-45 coaches in their fleet isn't just about offering top-tier comfort and style; it's a nod towards sustainability.

Luxury Coach Bus Vancouver

That's where Star Coach steps in. Their experience isn't just about years on the road; it's about understanding what makes a trip memorable and stress-free for you. They understand that your journey isn't just about getting from point A to B; it's about how you feel throughout the experience. Star Coach's system is designed to provide you with an instant quote, ensuring transparency and avoiding any unpleasant surprises. You got it.
They don't just offer a ride; they provide a travel experience that's steeped in comfort and convenience, making every journey memorable. From the moment you reach out to us, we're listening to what you want and need, ensuring that every detail of your trip is personalized just for you.

Minibus rental

  • Tour bus rental
  • Lower Mainland BC
  • City tour bus
  • Licensed bus operators
  • Vancouver BC
  • Bus for hire
  • Motor coach rental
  • Vancouver region
  • Wedding bus rental
  • Travel coach
  • Transport charter
  • Luxury transportation
  • Greater Vancouver
  • Minibus rental
  • Private group transport
  • Shuttle service
  • Community bus service
  • Vancouver city
  • Bus provider
  • Bus hire
Having explored the exceptional customer service that sets Star Coach apart, let's now focus on the versatile rental solutions they offer to meet any need you may have. Each bus boasts plush seating, ensuring you're in the realm of comfort, whether you're heading to a corporate event, a wedding, or simply touring the sights.
Our fleet consistently sets the standard for quality, ensuring every ride you take is nothing short of exceptional. Payment is straightforward, with various secure options available for your convenience. You're not just arriving; you're making an entrance. You're not just renting a bus; you're investing in an experience that's tailored to meet the highest expectations.
Adjustable LED lighting sets the perfect atmosphere, whether you're catching up on work or sinking into a movie on your tablet. Whether it's a corporate event, a family reunion, or a sightseeing tour, clients feel they're in good hands. So, when you book with them, you're not just traveling in style; you're also contributing to a greener planet. Moreover, we're constantly updating our safety measures in line with the latest health guidelines, including enhanced cleaning procedures to protect against Covid-19.

Explore VIP Bus Rental Vancouver here
Luxury Coach Bus Vancouver
An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

An example of a charter (Magna Carta).

A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.

Other usages

[edit]

The term is used for a special case (or as an exception) of an institutional charter. A charter school, for example, is one that has different rules, regulations, and statutes from a state school.

Charter can be used as a synonym for "hire" or "lease", as in the "charter" of a bus, boat or plane.[1]

A charter member (US English) of an organization is an original member; that is, one who became a member when the organization received its charter.[2] A chartered member (British English) is a member who holds an individual chartered designation authorized under that organization's royal charter.[3][4]

Different types of charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters

[edit]

Anglo-Saxon charters (also called diplomas) are documents drawn up between the seventh century and 1066 in Britain, which typically make a grant of land or record a privilege. They are usually written on parchment, in Latin. Around 200 survive in their original form, and many of the others have been altered or forged. The oldest surviving charters granted land and privileges to the church, but from the 8th century surviving charters were increasingly used to grant land to lay people.[5]

Colony charter

[edit]

The British Empire used three main types of colonies as it sought to expand its territory to distant parts of the earth. These three types were royal colonies, proprietary colonies, and corporate colonies. A charter colony by definition is a "colony chartered to an individual, trading company, etc., by the British crown."[6] Although charter colonies were not the most prevalent of the three types of colonies in the British Empire, they were by no means insignificant.

Congressional charter

[edit]

A Congressional charter is a law passed by the United States Congress that states the mission, authority, and activities of a group. Congress issued federal charters from 1791 until 1992 under Title 36 of the United States Code.

Corporate charter

[edit]

A corporate charter is a document or charter that establishes the existence of a corporation in the United States and Canada.

Inspeximus charter

[edit]

A charter of "Inspeximus" (Latin, literally "We have inspected") is frequently a royal charter, by which an earlier charter or series of charters relating to a particular foundation (such as a monastery or a guild) was recited and incorporated into a new charter, usually in order to confirm and renew its validity under present authority. Where the original documents are lost, an inspeximus charter may sometimes preserve their texts and lists of witnesses.

Municipal charter

[edit]
Swedish-language charter for the city of Viborg from 1403

A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter, a term used because municipal power was historically granted by the sovereign, by royal charter.

Order charter

[edit]

Charters may establish or govern the operation of chivalric orders and other orders, such as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

Project charter

[edit]

In project management, a project charter (sometimes called the terms of reference) is provided by the sponsor to formally authorize the existence of a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project purpose and objectives, identifies key stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. It serves as a reference of authority for future planning of the project. The project scope is developed from the project charter.

Royal charter

[edit]

A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but since the 14th century have only been used in place of private acts to grant a right or power to an individual or a body corporate.[7][8][9] They were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as boroughs (with municipal charters), universities and learned societies, and were used historically to establish companies.

The Charter of 1814, France's constitution during the Bourbon Restoration, was thus called to promote the legal fiction that the King had granted it "voluntarily, and by the free exercise of [his] royal authority", in the manner of medieval charters.

At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.

University charter

[edit]

A university charter is a charter issued to create or recognise a university. The form of charter used varies by period and jurisdiction.[10]

Uprising charter

[edit]

In the context of a political uprising, a charter might lay out the basic principles and goals of the movement, define the organizational structure of the movement, and describe the roles and responsibilities of its members.[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "charter". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 2. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  2. ^ "charter member". Lexico. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  3. ^ "chartered". Lexico. Oxford University Press. 1.1. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  4. ^ "Royal Charters". Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  5. ^ Keynes, Simon (2014). "Charters and Writs". In Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; Scragg, Donald (eds.). The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England (2nd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley Blackwell. pp. 102–103. ISBN 978-0-470-65632-7.
  6. ^ charter colony - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  7. ^ "Charter". The Supplement to the Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. Vol. 1. Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. 1845. pp. 331–332. Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  8. ^ "Magna Carta 1215". British Library. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
  9. ^ Peter Crooks (July 2015). "Exporting Magna Carta: exclusionary liberties in Ireland and the world". History Ireland. 23 (4). Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
  10. ^ Phyllis Riddle (Spring 1993). "Political Authority and University Formation in Europe, 1200-1800". Sociological Perspectives. 36 (1). SAGE Publications: 49–50. doi:10.2307/1389441. JSTOR 1389441. S2CID 143493887.
  11. ^ Political Documents - Iranian Scholars for Liberty

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
  • Media related to Charters at Wikimedia Commons
  • The dictionary definition of charter at Wiktionary

 

1908 Studebaker limousine with an open driver's compartment
1953 Rolls-Royce Phantom IV (coachwork by Hooper)

A limousine (/ˈlɪməziːn/ or /lɪməˈziːn/), or limo (/ˈlɪmoʊ/) for short,[1] is a large, chauffeur-driven luxury vehicle with a partition between the driver compartment and the passenger compartment which can be operated mechanically by hand or by a button electronically.[2] A luxury sedan with a very long wheelbase and driven by a professional driver is called a stretch limousine.[3]

In some countries, such as the United States, Germany, Canada, and Australia, a limousine service may be any pre-booked hire car with a driver, usually, but only sometimes a luxury car. In particular, airport shuttle services are often called "limousine services", though they often use minivans or light commercial vehicles.[2]

Etymology

[edit]
The type of limousine hood or roof described in the text (1912 Vauxhall)

The word limousine is derived from the name of the French region Limousin; however, how the area's name was transferred to the car is uncertain.

One possibility involves a particular type of carriage hood or roof that physically resembled the raised hood of the cloak worn by the shepherds there.[4][5]

An alternate etymology speculates that some early chauffeurs wore a Limousin-style cloak in the open driver's compartment for protection from the weather.[6] The name was then extended to this particular type of car with a permanent top projecting over the chauffeur.[4] This former type of automobile had an enclosed passenger compartment seating three to five persons, with only a roof projecting forward over the open driver's area in the front.[7]

History

[edit]

Wealthy owners of expensive carriages and their passengers were accustomed to their private compartments leaving their coachman or driver outside in all weathers. When automobiles arrived, the same people required a similar arrangement for their chauffeurs. As such, the 1916 definition of limousine by the US Society of Automobile Engineers is "a closed car seating three to five inside, with driver's seat outside".[8]

In Great Britain, the limousine de-ville was a version of the limousine town car where the driver's compartment was outside and had no weather protection.[9]: 103  The limousine-landaulet variant (also sold in the United States) had a removable or folding roof section over the rear passenger seat.[9]: 100 

In the United States, sub-categories of limousines in 1916 were the berline, defined as "a limousine having the driver's seat entirely enclosed", and the brougham, described as "a limousine with no roof over the driver's seat."[8]

The president of the United States has ridden in a variety of brands of state cars starting from 1899 when President William McKinley was the first to ride in a car, a steam Locomobile.[10][11][12]

U.S. limousine business declined in the 21st century due to the effects of the Great Recession, the subsequent rise of ride sharing apps, and an industry crisis precipitated by deadly stretch limousine crashes in 2015 and Schoharie, New York, in 2018. Moreover, during this time, people who would have once utilized limousines began opting to travel more discreetly in cars like black SUVs.[13]

Characteristics

[edit]

The limousine body style usually has a partition separating the driver from the rear passenger compartment.[6][9] This partition usually includes an openable glass section so passengers may see the road. Communication with the driver is possible either by opening the partition window or using an intercom system.

Limousines are often long-wheelbase vehicles to provide extra legroom in the passenger compartment. There will usually be occasional seats (in the U.S. called jump seats) at the front of the compartment (either forward-facing, rear-facing, or able to face either direction).

Many nations have official state cars designed to transport government officials. The top leaders have dedicated and specially equipped limousines. The United States Presidential State Car is the official car of the President of the United States.

Stretch limousines

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Lincoln Town Car stretch limousine

Stretch limousines are longer than regular limousines, usually to accommodate more passengers. Stretch limousines may have seating along the sides of the cabin.

A "stretch limousine" was created in Fort Smith, Arkansas, around 1928 by the Armbruster coach company. Their vehicles were primarily used to transport famous "big band" leaders, such as Glenn Miller and Benny Goodman, and their members and equipment. These early stretch limousines were often called "big band buses". Armbruster called their lengthened cars "extended-wheelbase multi-door auto-coaches". Their 12-passenger coaches were used by hotels, taxis, airlines, corporations, and tour companies.[14] Knock-down programs by automakers made coachbuilders stretch vehicles, but Armbruster also custom built limousines using unibody construction such as the 1969 AMC Ambassadors.[15]

As of 2023, stretch limousines comprise one percent of U.S. limousine company offerings. That total was down from about ten percent in 2013.[13]

Novelty limousines

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A variety of vehicles not designed as limousines have been converted into novelty limousines.[16] Another style of novelty limousine are those painted in bright colors, such as purple or pink.[17]

Vehicles converted into novelty stretch limousines include the East German Trabant, Volkswagen Beetle, Fiat Panda, and Citroën 2CV. There are instances of Corvettes, Ferraris, and Mini Coopers being stretched to accommodate up to 10 passengers.

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Garner, Bryan (July 28, 2009). Garner's Modern American Usage. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199874620. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Definition of limousine". merriam-webster.com. October 28, 2019. Archived from the original on September 20, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  3. ^ "Definition of Stretch Limo". merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2020. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Dyke, Andrew Lee (1920). Dyke's Automobile and Gasoline Engine Encyclopedia (Twelfth ed.). p. 582. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  5. ^ Ayto, John (2009). Word Origins. A&C Black Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4081-0160-5. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  6. ^ a b The Random House College Dictionary. Random House. 1975. p. 777. ISBN 0-394-43600-8. 1. an automobile having a permanently enclosed compartment for from three to five persons, the roof of which projects forward over the driver's seat in front...[< F, special use of limousine long cloak, so called because worn by the shepherds of Limousin, a former province in central France]
  7. ^ "Definition of limousine" (Complete & Unabridged Digital ed.). Collins English Dictionary. 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  8. ^ a b "What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined". The New York Times. August 20, 1916. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2015. Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers
  9. ^ a b c Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003). Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 96. ISBN 0-7864-1276-3. Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  10. ^ Huffman, John Pearley (January 19, 2009). "The Top Presidential Limousines of All Time". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  11. ^ DeWitt, Nancy (September 4, 2012). "Presidential Wheels". Fountainhead Antique Auto Museum. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "A Car Fit For A President". Grundy Insurance. February 25, 2017. Retrieved December 6, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Jiménez, Jesus (2023-04-28). "The Long Demise of the Stretch Limousine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-04-30. Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  14. ^ Theobald, Mark; DeWinter IV, Bernie (2004). "Armbruster & Company, Tom Armbruster, Ed Robben, Armbruster/Stageway, Fort Smith, Airport Limousine, Earnhart & Johansen". coachbuilt.com. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  15. ^ Strohl, Daniel (23 September 2018). "1969 AMC Ambassador Limousine". Hemmings. Archived from the original on 28 December 2022. Retrieved 28 December 2022.
  16. ^ "Dave's Classic Limousines Pictures: Novelty Limousines". Archived from the original on July 12, 2015. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  17. ^ Naylor, Sharon (2004). 1000 Best Wedding Bargains. Sourcebooks. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-4022-0298-8. Retrieved June 27, 2015. novelty limousines.
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  • The dictionary definition of limousine at Wiktionary
  • Media related to Limousines at Wikimedia Commons

 

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